When Lewis and Clark arrived in the Hidatsa-Mandan territory in October 1804, they hired French trapper Toussaint Charbonneau and his pregnant Shoshone wife Sacagawea as interpreters for their expedition. Wintering at Fort Mandan, on February 11, 1805, Lewis recorded the birth of Jean Baptiste: “About five Oclock this evening one of the wives of Charbonneau […]
When I was a boy, my mother introduced me to mountaineering through a friend of hers who had undertaken many outdoor adventures. All it took was one trip into the mountains to convince me that this was a great sport. I joined the mountaineering club in Portland that my mother joined during the 1930s and […]
